A1 · Class 11 of 132

Nosotros and ellos in Spanish · pluralsUs vs. Them

Two endings turn every verb into "we" and "they". And one little letter, the plural S, that you must never swallow.

Uriel Benítez

By Mexican Spanish teacher, Mexico City · Updated

By the end of this class you can say

«Nosotros vivimos aquí y ellos trabajan allá.»

We live here and they work over there.

In this lesson

Us and them

So far you've talked about yourself, the person in front of you and a third person. Now you can talk about groups: you and your family, your friends, the people at work.

SpanishWho
wenosotros / nosotrasyou + other people
theyellos / ellasother people
you allustedesthe people in front of you

Nosotras and ellas are for groups of only women. If there's even one man in the group, it's nosotros and ellos.

Two endings for every verb

Here's the good part. To say "we" and "they", you only need two endings.

We (nosotros): take the basic form of the verb and change the -r to -mos.

They (ellos): take the él form and add -n.

Verbél / ellanosotrosellos / ustedes
hablar (to speak)hablahablamoshablan
trabajar (to work)trabajatrabajamostrabajan
comer (to eat)comecomemoscomen
vivir (to live)vivevivimosviven

That's it: hablar → hablamos, comer → comemos, vivir → vivimos. And habla → hablan, come → comen, vive → viven.

We and they

  • Vivimos en Austin.We live in Austin.
  • Trabajamos en casa.We work from home.
  • Comemos tacos los viernes.We eat tacos on Fridays.
  • Ellos hablan inglés.They speak English.
  • Mis papás viven en Monterrey.My parents live in Monterrey.
  • ¿Ustedes trabajan aquí?Do you all work here?

The irregular verbs you already know

The same trick works for most of the irregular verbs from class 3. Ellos is still the él form plus -n. And nosotros is the good news: the boot changes of poder and querer skip it.

Verbél / ellanosotrosellos / ustedes
seressomosson
estarestáestamosestán
tenertienetenemostienen
irvavamosvan
poderpuedepodemospueden
quererquierequeremosquieren

Only ser (somos, son) and ir (vamos) need a second look.

With the verbs you use every day

  • Somos de Texas.We're from Texas.
  • Estamos cansados.We're tired.
  • Tenemos dos hijos.We have two kids.
  • Ellos tienen un perro.They have a dog.
  • Podemos ir mañana.We can go tomorrow.
  • ¿Ustedes quieren café?Do you all want coffee?
  • ¡Vamos!Let's go!

✍️ Quick check

0/3

  1. 1.Nosotros ___ en Chicago. (We live in Chicago.)

  2. 2.Mis amigos ___ español. (My friends speak Spanish.)

  3. 3.Nosotros ___ ir el sábado. (We can go on Saturday.)

The plural S is sacred

In the plural, the s goes on everything: the article, the noun and the adjective. Not only on one of them.

Los tacos están muy ricos.

Lots of English speakers swallow that final s, especially when the next word starts with a consonant: los tacos comes out as "lo taco". In Mexico the s is clear and crisp, so without it you sound like you're talking about one taco.

So in class we exaggerate it: dos tacoSSS, por favor. It feels silly, and it works.

Say them out loud and exaggerate the S

  • Dos tacos, por favor.Two tacos, please.
  • Las tortillas están calientes.The tortillas are hot.
  • Unas cervezas frías.A few cold beers.
  • Mis hermanos son altos.My brothers are tall.
  • Las chicas son simpáticas.The girls are nice.

You learned how to make a noun plural in the gender class. Here's the short version:

Noun ends inAddExample
a vowel-staco → tacos, casa → casas
a consonant-esdoctor → doctores, ciudad → ciudades
-z-ceslápiz → lápices, luz → luces

Common mistakes

  • ✗Nosotros vivemos aquí.

    ✓Nosotros vivimos aquí.

    -ir verbs end in -imos: vivimos, escribimos.

  • ✗Ellos tiene dos hijos.

    ✓Ellos tienen dos hijos.

    For ellos, add -n: tienen.

  • ✗Nosotros puedemos ir.

    ✓Nosotros podemos ir.

    The boot change skips nosotros.

  • ✗Dos taco, por favor.

    ✓Dos tacos, por favor.

    Two of anything is plural: say the s.

  • ✗Las casa grande.

    ✓Las casas grandes.

    The s goes on every word, not just the first one.

  • ✗Mis amigos es muy simpáticos.

    ✓Mis amigos son muy simpáticos.

    Mis amigos is ellos, so the verb is son.

  • ✗¿Vosotros sois de aquí?

    ✓¿Ustedes son de aquí?

    In Mexico, "you all" is ustedes, with the ellos form.

Put it together

Here's the sentence from class:

Nosotros vivimos aquí y ellos trabajan allá.

  • vivimos: vivir, -ir becomes -imos for nosotros
  • trabajan: trabajar, the él form trabaja plus -n for ellos
  • nosotros and ellos stay in the sentence because we're comparing two groups

And now a conversation between new neighbors:

  1. Hola, ¿ustedes viven aquí?

    Hi, do you all live here?

  2. Sí, vivimos en el número tres. ¿Y ustedes?

    Yes, we live at number three. And you?

  3. Nosotros vivimos allá, en la casa azul. Somos nuevos.

    We live over there, in the blue house. We're new.

  4. ¡Bienvenidos! ¿Y ellos? ¿Quiénes son?

    Welcome! And them? Who are they?

  5. Son mis hermanos. Trabajan en Monterrey, pero vienen los fines de semana.

    They're my brothers. They work in Monterrey, but they come on weekends.

  6. Oigan, los viernes comemos tacos en el parque. ¿Quieren venir?

    Hey, on Fridays we eat tacos in the park. Do you all want to come?

  7. ¡Claro! Nosotros llevamos las tortillas.

    Sure! We'll bring the tortillas.

Oigan is oye for a group: "hey, you all".

Now make it yours: say where you and your family live, what you do together on weekends, and what your friends or neighbors do. Then ask a group of people the same thing with ustedes.

Test yourself

✍️ Six quick questions

0/6

  1. 1.Ellos ___ un perro y dos gatos. (They have a dog and two cats.)

  2. 2.Nosotros ___ en un restaurante. (We work in a restaurant.)

  3. 3.To a group of friends in Mexico: ¿De dónde ___?

  4. 4.___ casas son muy bonitas.

  5. 5.Mis primas son muy ___. (My cousins are very nice.)

  6. 6.¡Vámonos! means…

All the forms

Full present-tense charts

Now you know every person. Here's the whole picture. We teach Mexican Spanish, so there's no vosotros: ustedes is "you all", for friends and strangers alike.

yotúél / ella / ustednosotrosellos / ustedes
hablarhablohablashablahablamoshablan
comercomocomescomecomemoscomen
vivirvivovivesvivevivimosviven
sersoyeresessomosson
estarestoyestásestáestamosestán
tenertengotienestienetenemostienen
irvoyvasvavamosvan
poderpuedopuedespuedepodemospueden
quererquieroquieresquierequeremosquieren

The regular endings: -ar verbs go -o, -as, -a, -amos, -an. -er verbs go -o, -es, -e, -emos, -en. -ir verbs are the same as -er except nosotros: -imos.

Reading about verbs is step one. Using them is the class.

Book a free 30-minute class and use today's verbs in a real conversation, or warm up with Señor Chip first, no signup needed.