A1 · Class 30 of 132

Personal a in SpanishThe Respectful "A"

Spanish puts a tiny "a" in front of people. It has no translation, it changes nothing in English, and leaving it out sounds wrong to every native speaker.

Uriel Benítez

By Mexican Spanish teacher, Mexico City · Updated

By the end of this class you can say

«Visito a mi mamá todos los domingos.»

I visit my mom every Sunday.

In this lesson

A little word for people

Look at these two sentences:

Veo la tele. Veo a mi mamá.

Both mean "I see…". The only difference is that the second one is about a person, so Spanish adds a in front of her. That's the personal a. It doesn't translate to anything: "I see my mom", no "to".

The hug test

Here's the trick from class: if you can hug it or shake its hand, it takes a.

No hug: no aHug: a
Veo la tele. (I watch TV.)Veo a mi mamá. (I see my mom.)
Llamo un taxi. (I call a taxi.)Llamo a mi hermano. (I call my brother.)
Busco mis llaves. (I'm looking for my keys.)Busco a mi hijo. (I'm looking for my son.)
Visito el museo. (I visit the museum.)Visito a mis abuelos. (I visit my grandparents.)
Espero el autobús. (I wait for the bus.)Espero a mi amiga. (I wait for my friend.)

Your dog passes the hug test too: Quiero a mi perro. And so do names: Conozco a Diego.

With the personal a

  • Visito a mi mamá los domingos.I visit my mom on Sundays.
  • ¿Conoces a Diego?Do you know Diego?
  • Llamamos a nuestros papás.We call our parents.
  • Ella ayuda a su hermana.She helps her sister.
  • Espero a mis amigos aquí.I wait for my friends here.
  • ¿Invitas a tu novia?Are you inviting your girlfriend?

Conocer (to know a person, to be familiar with) is irregular only in yo: conozco. The rest is regular: conoces, conoce, conocemos, conocen.

Querer a vs querer

The personal a can change the meaning. You know querer from the querer class as "to want". With a person and the a, it means "to love":

Quiero un café.I want a coffee.
Quiero a mi mamá.I love my mom.
Te quiero.I love you.

Te quiero is the everyday "I love you": for family, friends and partners. (Te amo is the big romantic one.)

A + el = al

When the person comes with el, you get the same contraction you saw in the prepositions class: a + el = al.

Al

  • Veo al doctor mañana.I'm seeing the doctor tomorrow.
  • Llamo al profe.I'm calling the teacher.
  • Esperamos al jefe.We're waiting for the boss.

With la, los, las nothing changes: a la maestra, a los niños.

When there's no a

  • Tener never takes it: Tengo dos hermanos. Tengo un novio.
  • Hay never takes it: Hay muchas personas.
  • And it's only for the person receiving the action. When the person does the action, no a: Mi mamá visita a mi abuela.

✍️ Quick check

0/3

  1. 1.Veo ___ mi hermano los sábados.

  2. 2.Veo ___ película.

  3. 3.Tengo ___ tres hijos.

Common mistakes

  • ✗Visito mi mamá.

    ✓Visito a mi mamá.

    A person receives the action: a.

  • ✗Veo a la tele.

    ✓Veo la tele.

    No hug, no a.

  • ✗Tengo a dos hijos.

    ✓Tengo dos hijos.

    Tener is the exception.

  • ✗Llamo a el doctor.

    ✓Llamo al doctor.

    A + el = al.

  • ✗Conozco Juan.

    ✓Conozco a Juan.

    Names take the a.

  • ✗Espero mi amigo.

    ✓Espero a mi amigo.

    "Wait for" a person: espero a.

Put it together

Here's the sentence from class:

Visito a mi mamá todos los domingos.

  • visito: visitar, yo, a regular -ar verb
  • a mi mamá: you can hug her, so a
  • todos los domingos: every Sunday

And now talking about weekends:

  1. ¿Qué haces los domingos?

    What do you do on Sundays?

  2. Visito a mi mamá todos los domingos. ¿Y tú?

    I visit my mom every Sunday. And you?

  3. Yo veo el fútbol con mis amigos. ¿Conoces a mi amigo Diego?

    I watch soccer with my friends. Do you know my friend Diego?

  4. Sí, conozco a Diego. ¡Me cae muy bien!

    Yes, I know Diego. I really like him!

  5. Este domingo invitamos a unos amigos a comer. ¿Quieres venir?

    This Sunday we're inviting some friends over to eat. Do you want to come?

  6. ¡Claro! Llevo a mi novia, ¿va?

    Sure! I'll bring my girlfriend, OK?

  7. ¡Va! Te esperamos a las dos.

    Deal! We'll expect you at two.

Now make it yours: say who you visit, who you call, who you help and who you love, all with a. Then say two things you watch or look for, without it.

Test yourself

✍️ Six quick questions

0/6

  1. 1.Ayudo ___ mi papá en la tienda.

  2. 2.Busco ___ llaves.

  3. 3.Esperamos ___ maestro.

  4. 4.Quiero a mi abuela means…

  5. 5.¿Conoces ___ Ana?

  6. 6.Hay ___ muchos niños en el parque.

All the forms

The personal a: the cheat sheet
The rulea before a person (or a pet) who receives the action
The testCan you hug it or shake its hand? → a
a + elal: veo al doctor
Common verbsvisitar, ver, llamar, conocer, ayudar, esperar, buscar, invitar, querer
No awith tener and hay: tengo dos hijos, hay mucha gente
Meaning changequiero un café (want) · quiero a mi mamá (love)

Conocer: conozco, conoces, conoce, conocemos, conocen.

Reading about verbs is step one. Using them is the class.

Book a free 30-minute class and use today's verbs in a real conversation, or warm up with Señor Chip first, no signup needed.