A1 · Class 31 of 132

Porque vs por qué · es que, por esoThe “Porque” Starter

"Why?" and "because" are almost the same word in Spanish. Here's how to write them, say them, and add the two little phrases that make every explanation sound natural.

Uriel Benítez

By Mexican Spanish teacher, Mexico City · Updated

By the end of this class you can say

«Estoy cansado; por eso me quedo en casa.»

I'm tired; that's why I'm staying home.

In this lesson

¿Por qué? and porque

They sound almost the same, but they do opposite jobs:

MeansWrittenUsed for
¿por qué?why?two words, accent on quéthe question
porquebecauseone word, no accentthe answer

—¿Por qué estudias español? —Porque quiero vivir en México.

You met ¿por qué? in the question words class: like every question word, it carries an accent.

How they sound

The accent isn't just spelling: it tells you how to say it.

  • ¿Por qué? puts the punch on QUÉ, with the voice going up: por-QUÉ?
  • Porque is flat and quick, stress on POR: POR-que, and it runs straight into the next words.

Hear the difference

  • ¿Por qué?Why?
  • ¿Por qué estudias español?Why are you studying Spanish?
  • Porque quiero vivir en México.Because I want to live in Mexico.
  • ¿Por qué no vienes?Why aren't you coming?
  • Porque tengo mucho trabajo.Because I have a lot of work.

Por eso: that's why

Porque gives the cause. Por eso gives the result: "that's why", "so". Same idea, opposite order:

result + porque + causeMe quedo en casa porque estoy cansado.
cause + por eso + resultEstoy cansado; por eso me quedo en casa.

Por eso

  • Estoy cansado; por eso me quedo en casa.I'm tired; that's why I'm staying home.
  • Mi novia es de Puebla; por eso estudio español.My girlfriend is from Puebla; that's why I study Spanish.
  • Llueve mucho; por eso no vamos a la playa.It's raining a lot, so we're not going to the beach.
  • ¡Por eso!Exactly! That's why!

¡Por eso! on its own is a very common reaction: "Exactly! That's what I'm saying!". You saw it in the este, ese, aquel class.

Es que: the Mexican explanation

Es que… is how Mexicans start almost every explanation or excuse. It's softer than porque: something like "it's just that…", "well, the thing is…".

Es que

  • Es que tengo mucho trabajo.It's just that I have a lot of work.
  • Es que no entiendo.The thing is, I don't understand.
  • —¿Por qué llegas tarde? —Es que hay mucho tráfico.—Why are you late? —Well, there's a lot of traffic.

When someone asks ¿por qué?, an answer with es que sounds natural and polite. An answer with porque is perfectly correct, just more direct.

✍️ Quick check

0/3

  1. 1.¿___ no comes? (Why aren't you eating?)

  2. 2.No como ___ no tengo hambre.

  3. 3.Tengo un examen mañana; ___ estudio hoy.

Common mistakes

  • ✗¿Porque estudias español?

    ✓¿Por qué estudias español?

    The question is two words, with an accent.

  • ✗Por qué quiero vivir en México. (as an answer)

    ✓Porque quiero vivir en México.

    The answer is one word.

  • ✗Estoy cansado porque me quedo en casa.

    ✓Estoy cansado; por eso me quedo en casa.

    Staying home is the result: por eso.

  • ✗¿Porqué?

    ✓¿Por qué?

    "Why?" is always two words.

  • ✗Es porque que tengo trabajo.

    ✓Es que tengo trabajo.

    Es que already means "it's just that".

Put it together

Here's the sentence from class:

Estoy cansado; por eso me quedo en casa.

  • Estoy cansado: the cause, with estar because it's how you feel now
  • por eso: "that's why", the result comes next
  • me quedo en casa: I'm staying home

And now a friend trying to get you out of the house:

  1. ¿Vienes a la fiesta de Ana?

    Are you coming to Ana's party?

  2. Ay, no. Es que estoy muy cansado.

    Oh, no. It's just that I'm really tired.

  3. ¿Por qué estás cansado?

    Why are you tired?

  4. Porque trabajo mucho esta semana. Por eso me quedo en casa.

    Because I'm working a lot this week. That's why I'm staying home.

  5. Pero es viernes. ¿Por qué no vienes una hora?

    But it's Friday. Why don't you come for an hour?

  6. Mmm… porque mañana me levanto temprano.

    Hmm… because I get up early tomorrow.

  7. ¡Ándale! Hay tacos.

    Come on! There are tacos.

  8. ¿Hay tacos? ¡Por eso! Voy.

    There are tacos? Well, that changes everything! I'm going.

¡Ándale! is the Mexican "come on!". And ¡por eso! here is a playful "well, that's the reason I needed".

Now make it yours: answer these three questions with porque, then rewrite each answer with por eso: ¿Por qué estudias español? ¿Por qué te gusta tu ciudad? ¿Por qué tomas café?

Test yourself

✍️ Six quick questions

0/6

  1. 1."Why?" is written…

  2. 2.—¿Por qué no vas? —___ no tengo tiempo.

  3. 3.Mi esposa es mexicana; ___ hablo español en casa.

  4. 4.Which one has the stress on the last syllable?

  5. 5.A friend asks why you can't come. The most natural soft answer starts with…

  6. 6.Someone gives the exact reason you were thinking of. You say…

All the forms

Cause and result: the cheat sheet
MeansExample
¿por qué?why?¿Por qué estudias?
porquebecause (+ cause)Estudio porque quiero viajar.
por esothat's why, so (+ result)Quiero viajar; por eso estudio.
es que…it's just that… (soft explanation)Es que no tengo tiempo.
entoncesso, thenNo hay tacos. Entonces, ¿pizza?

Say it right: por-QUÉ (up, punchy) · POR-que (flat, quick).

Reading about verbs is step one. Using them is the class.

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